


Because the symptoms of MAC infections are similar to those of other types of infections, other types of infections and diseases must also be ruled out. Results identifying the bacteria may take several days or longer. A laboratory culture involves placing cells from a sputum sample in an environment that encourages the bacteria to grow. The laboratory tests include cultures of mucus spit up from the lungs (sputum) and special staining ( acid-fast bacillus test). ĭiagnosis of a pulmonary mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) infection is based on a combination of physical exam findings, laboratory test results, and lung x-rays or CT scan results. Symptoms of MAC lymphadenitis usually only include swollen lymph nodes mainly on one side of the neck. MAC lymphadenitis generally affects children with normal immune systems.
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People with disseminated MAC infection may also have symptoms associated with an infection of the breast tissue (mastitis) an infection of the skeletal muscle (pyomyositis), abscesses of the skin or brain, and gastrointestinal problems. Symptoms of disseminated MAC infection include: People with pulmonary MAC infections may experience cough, weight loss, fever, fatigue, and night sweats. The symptoms of pulmonary MAC infection start slowly, get worse over time and may last for weeks to months. For example, pulmonary MAC mainly affects the lungs disseminated MAC affects the whole body and MAC lymphadenitis causes swollen lymph nodes. Mycobacterium avium complex infections can cause various symptoms depending on the site of the infection.
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Treatment for MAC infection depends on the type and may include antibiotics, antiviral medications, or surgery. MAC infections are diagnosed by a combination of imaging scans and identifying the bacteria in cultures of cells from the infected area. MAC bacteria are not usually spread from person to person.

They infect people when the bacteria are inhaled or swallowed. MAC bacteria are found in water, soil, and dust. While the symptoms are different for each type of infection, general symptoms include fever, night sweats, weight loss, and fatigue.
